General Competences:

The general competences of the degree that are assigned to this subject are:

M02CM05: Compare and select technological alternatives, integrating technical, economic, environmental and social impact criteria.

M02CM08: Use information and communication technologies applied to learning and manage information sources (databases).

M02CM09: Communicate and transmit in writing and orally the knowledge and results acquired in a multidisciplinary environment.

M02CM12: Solve problems of the common subjects of the industrial branch, raised with quality criteria, sustainability and ethical criteria.

Specific Competences:

M02CM01: Analyze, model and calculate equipment and installations for handling solid materials and heat transfer fluids.

In view of the specific competences of the degree the teaching objectives (TO) for this subject are:

TO-1: To understand the fundamentals and basic equations of heat transfer mechanisms.

TO-2: To know how to perform the non-steady state analysis of conduction heat transfer in simple geometries.

TO-3: To become familiar with the empirical correlations for the determination of heat transfer coefficients.

TO-4: Understand the analysis of heat transfer in systems of combined mechanisms to predict the contribution of each one.

TO-5: Know how to analyze, model, calculate and dimension equipment and installations for heat transfer.

The following Learning Outcomes (RA) are established to determine the scope of the teaching objectives (TO):

RA-1: Identify and understand the fundamentals heat transfer mechanisms and their combination.

RA-2: Apply the energy balance in systems with heat transfer.

RA-3: Apply Fourier's law in solids with plane, cylindrical, spherical and extended surface geometries in steady state to calculate heat transfer.

RA-4: Analyze the transient state in solids with negligible internal resistance and in solids with plane, cylindrical, spherical, and semi-infinite solid geometries with internal resistance.

RA-5: Solve problems of heat transfer by conduction by means of numerical calculation.

RA-6: Identify the type of existing convection and choose the most appropriate correlation for the estimation of the convection coefficient for both single-phase and phase-change systems.

RA-7: Analyze and calculate the heat transmitted in a system by convection, radiation and combined mechanisms.

RA-8: Analyze and dimension, from the thermal point of view, heat exchangers evaporators.

Syllabus

1.- Basic fundamentals of heat transfer.

Introduction. Heat transfer in engineering. Heat and other forms of energy. Energy balances. Heat transfer mechanisms: conduction, convection and radiation. Combined heat transfer systems. Units and dimensions.

2.- Heat transfer by conduction in steady state.

Introduction. Model for heat conduction: Fourier's Law. Thermal properties of matter. Heat generation. General equation of heat conduction. Initial and boundary conditions. Heat conduction through flat plates. Concept of thermal resistance. Compound wall. Heat conduction through cylinders and spheres. Critical insulation radius. Extended surfaces: fins. Unidirectional conduction with uniform energy generation. Conduction in two and three directions. Numerical methods: finite differences.

3.- Heat transfer by conduction in non-stationary state.

Introduction. Systems with negligible internal resistance: Analysis of concentrated systems. Spatial effects: plane wall with convection, radial systems with convection and semi-infinite solid. Multidimensional systems. Numerical methods: finite differences.

4.- Analysis of convective heat transfer.

Introduction. Nusselt number. Classification of fluid flows. Convection boundary layers: Velocity boundary layer. Thermal boundary layer: Prandtl number. Conservation equations of mass, quantity of motion and energy for laminar flow over a flat plate. Analogies between the amount of motion and heat transfer.

5.- Forced convection.

Forced convection. Forced external convection: Parallel flow over flat plates; Flow around cylinders and spheres; Flow over banks of tubes. Forced internal convection: Laminar flow; Turbulent flow.

6.- Natural convection.

Introduction. Equation of motion and Grashof number. Calculation of natural convection coefficients on surfaces: effect of geometry. Natural convection inside closed enclosures. Natural and forced convection combined.

7.- Heat transfer with phase change.

Introduction. Heat transfer in boiling. Pond boiling. Flow boiling. Heat transfer in condensation. Film condensation. Film condensation in horizontal tubes. Condensation by droplet condensation.

8.- Heat exchangers.

Types of heat exchangers. Total heat transfer coefficient. Fouling factor. Analysis of heat exchangers. Concentric tube heat exchangers: basic design equation. Multitubular and compact heat exchangers: correction factor. Analysis by the effectiveness-number of transfer units method.

9.- Heat transfer by radiation.

Nature of thermal radiation. Interaction of radiation with matter: absorption, reflection and transmission. Emission from a surface by radiation: Stefan-Boltzmann law. Emissivity. Heat transmission between black surfaces. Viewing factors. Gray surfaces. Radiosity. Heat transfer between gray surfaces forming an enclosure. Heat transfer with emitting and absorbing gases.

Lectures (L): Development of the basic principles of Heat Transfer.



Classroom (CG) and Computer Group (COG) Classes: Resolution of questions (theoretical and/or practical), exercises (theoretical and/or practical) and problems on blackboard and computers.



Seminar classes (S): Discussion and resolution of doubts, and control of the acquired competences.

CONTINUOUS Evaluation.

The overall grade required to pass the subject is 50% (a 5 out of 10).

Written assessment tests: Weight of 70 to 90%.

The written test done during the course will evaluate the acquisition of the competences of the subject. The last test (Final Test) is an evaluation of the subject as a whole, where the student must show that he/she has integrated all the knowledge.

Minimums: In the last written test you must obtain more than 4.0 out of 10 in theory and more than 4.0 out of 10 in problems to pass the course. In the problems test, the student must score in all the exercises; an unanswered exercise or a zero score will be considered as a failed test.

Individual and/or group work: Weight of 10-30%.

The following activities will be considered in this section:

Resolution of exercises/problems/case studies.

Computer practices.

Written reports.

Participation in seminars.

Minimum: Attendance and/or participation and/or delivery of 60% of the proposed activities.

Students who do not show up for the Final Exam will be graded with "NOT PRESENTED".



NON-CONTINUOUS evaluation.

Students who wish to be evaluated by means of a final evaluation system must communicate it to the teaching staff in the terms and deadlines established in the UPV/EHU Evaluation Regulations (article 8.3).

Students who opt for the final evaluation system must take the Final Exam (70-90%) plus an Additional Exam (10-30%) that demonstrates the acquisition of the competences of the subject.

Minimums: In the Final Test must obtain more than 4.0 out of 10 in theory and more than 4.0 out of 10 in problems to pass the course. In the Problem Test, the student must score in all the exercises; an unanswered exercise or a zero score will be a failed test.

To pass the course, the minimum grade in both the Final Test and the Additional Test is 5 out of 10.

Students who do not take the written test will be graded with "NOT PRESENTED".

Textbook for the completion of the examination of problems having thermophysical properties of materials, heat transfer equations and correlations, values of physical constants and unit conversion factors.

Basic bibliography

Cengel, Y.A. y Ghajar, A.J.; Heat and mass transfer fundamentals and applications (4TH Ed.) Mc Graw Hill, México D.F. 2011.



Kreith, F. y Bohn, M.S.; Principles of Heat Transfer, Thomson Learning, México 2001.



Incropera, F.P. y DeWitt, D.P.; Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, Prentice Hall, México, 1999

In-depth bibliography

McCabe, W.L. Smith, J.C. y Harriot, P; Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering; Mc Graw Hill, Madrid 1991

Lienhard IV, J.H., Lienhard V, J.H., A Heat Transfer Textbook (3rd Ed.), Phlogiston Press, Cambridge 2002

Coulson, J.M.; Richardson, J.F.; Chemical Engineering; Vols. 1 y 2:, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford 1999