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| Information Science Award Dr. James Albus' original ideas and scholarship have proven to be extremely innovative, both in terms of originality and creativity; and can be expected to have an enduring value. Those ideas and scholarship in turn have been responsible, either fully or in part, for realizing the engineering designs of "intelligent systems," which have demonstrated significant economic value and have substantially contributed to humanity and world peace. Dr. James S. Albus is currently a Senior NIST Fellow in the Intelligent Systems Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Over a long and varied career Dr. Albus has made a number of scientific contributions. During the 1960's he designed electro-optical systems for more than 15 NASA spacecraft. During the 1970's, he developed a model of the cerebellum that after 30 years is still the leading theoretical model used by cerebellar neurophysiologists today. Based on that model, he invented the CMAC neural net, and co-invented the Real-time Control System (RCS). RCS is a reference model architecture that has been used over the past 25 years for a number of intelligent systems including the NBS Automated Manufacturing Research Facility (AMRF), the NASA telerobotic servicer, a DARPA Multiple Autonomous Undersea Vehicle project, a nuclear Submarine Operational Automation System, a Post Office General Mail facility, a Bureau of Mines automated mining system, a commercial open architecture machine tool controller, and numerous advanced robotic projects, including the Army Research Lab Demo III Experimental Unmanned Ground vehicle. He is also the inventor of the NIST RoboCrane. Dr. Albus has received numerous awards for his work in control theory including the NIST Applied Research Award, the Department of Commerce Gold and Silver Medals, the Industrial Research IR-100 award, the Presidential Rank Meritorious Executive, the Jacob Rabinow award, and the Japanese Industrial Robot Association R&D Award. He was the 1984 winner of the Joseph F. Engelberger Award for robotics technology. In 1992, his RoboCrane was selected by Construction Equipment Magazine as one of the top 100 new products of the year and by Popular Science magazine as one of the top 100 inventions of the year. In 1998, he was named a "Hero of Manufacturing" by Fortune magazine. Dr. Albus is the author of more than 150 scientific papers, journal articles, and official government studies on intelligent systems and robotics. He has lectured extensively throughout the world and authored or co-authored five books: Engineering of Mind: An Introduction to the Science of Intelligent Systems – Wiley, 2001 Intelligent Systems: Architecture, Design, and Control - Wiley, 2002 The RCS Handbook: Tools for Real-Time Control Systems Software Development – Wiley, 2001 Brains, Behavior, and Robotics – Byte/McGraw-Hill, 1981 Peoples' Capitalism: The Economics of the Robot Revolution – New World Books, 1976 He is a member of the editorial board of the Wiley Series on Intelligent Systems and serves on the editorial boards of six journals related to intelligent systems and robotics. Dr. Ulrich Goesele's original ideas and scholarship have proven to be extremely innovative, both in terms of originality and creativity; and can be expected to have an enduring value. Those ideas and scholarship in turn have been responsible, either fully or in part, for realizing the engineering designs of "intelligent systems," which have demonstrated significant economic value and have substantially contributed to humanity and world peace. Ulrich Goesele received his doctorate in physics in 1975 at the University of Stuttgart and has been a director at the Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics in Halle, Germany since 1993. He came from Duke University where he was the J. B. Duke Professor of Materials Science. Beforehand he had been at the Max Planck Institute of Metal Research in Stuttgart, at the research labs of Siemens Corporation in Munich and for visiting appointments at the Atomic Energy Board, Pretoria, South Africa, the IBM Th. J. Watson Research Center, New York, MIT and NTF Research Laboratories at Atsugi, Japan. He presently still holds an adjunct professorship at Duke University. His research interests lie in the area of defects and diffusion in semiconductors, fuzzy logic, ferroelectric thin films, wafer bonding, porous materials, quantum dots, photonic crystals, silicon photonics and silicon nanowires. He has been or was co-editor or on the advisory board of many journals such as Applied Physics, Journal of Applied Physics, Advanced Materials, Advanced Functional Materials, Applied Physics A, Information Sciences, Materials Chemistry and Physics, and Zeitschrift fr Metallkunde. He organized numerous international conferences and workshops among others the Electrochemical Society and the Materials Research Society. He is fellow of the American Physical Society and the Institute of Physics as well as a member of the German Academy of Natural Scientists, Leopoldina, and the board of directors of the Materials Research Society. In 2003 he spent a sabbatical at Harvard University in the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences.
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