SPECIFIC COMPETENCES



M06GM6.4 Knowing the typology of mineral concentrations of economic interest.

M06GM6.5 Knowing the main industrial rocks and their uses.

M06GM6.6 Understanding the processes of formation and accumulation of geological energetic resources.

M06GM6.7 Knowing the main methods of exploration and evaluation of natural resources.



TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCES



G001 Capavility for analysis and synthesis.

G002 Problem solving ability.

G003 Ability to search and manage information.

G004 Ability to apply knowledge to practice.

G005 Autonomous and creative learning and work.

G006 Ability to carry out teamwork.

G007 Capavility for organization, planning and time management.

G008 Determination, perseverance and responsibility in the tasks assigned.

G009 Oral and written communication in the native language.

G010 Motivation for quality and a job well done.

Introduction to the geology of ore deposits. Notion of ore deposit. Metallogeny. Ore and gangue concept. Factors that condition exploitability. Methods of study of Ore Deposits. General principles in geology of ore deposits. Morphology of ore deposits. Classification. Chronological and spatial relationships. Genetic models: their interest as a basis for exploration. Fundamental genetic model. Textures and structures: classification and interpretation. Regional distribution of deposits. Discontinuities, heterogeneities and anisotropy in the distribution of ore deposits. Belts, provinces and metallogenic epochs. Metalotects. Paragenesis and most frequent associations. Geothermometry, geobarometry and isotopic studies applied to the investigation of mineral deposits. Origin of metals and mineralizing fluids. Classification of mineral deposits. Classification criteria. Main types of ore deposits and tectonic position.

Ore deposits related to igneous activity:

Magmatic deposits of Cr-Ni-Cu-PGE associated with ultrabasic and basic rocks. Fe-Ti deposits in anorthosites. Diamond deposits. Carbonatites. Pegmatitic deposits, Albitites and Greisens. Hydrothermal deposits. Cu, Mo and Sn porphyries. Deposits in Skarns. Epithermal deposits of precious metals. Massive sulfide deposits.

Ore deposits related to sedimentation: Sedimentary-exhalative base metal deposits (Sedex) hosted in sediments. Oolitic iron deposits and iron formations (BIF). Copper deposits in a sedimentary environment (Copperbelt). Manganese deposits. Phosphate deposits. Manganese nodules. Stratabound deposits of base metals in carbonates (MVT type). Placer-type mechanical concentration deposits. U-V deposits embedded in detrital rocks (Red beds).



Industrial rocks. General characteristics. Classification and uses. Standardization. Aggregates and binders: Types and basic properties. Use of aggregates. Characterization tests and specifications. Binders: Types. Cements, raw materials and manufacturing process. Cement and concrete tests.

Ornamental rocks: General concepts: lithotects and natural block. Marble, slate and granite. Extraction and elaboration of ornamental rocks.

Siliceous sands: Uses of sands and characteristics. Raw materials for the manufacture of glass.

Clay materials: Ceramic clays. Technological properties of clays and manufacturing process of ceramic materials. Special clays: kaolin, bentonites, sepiolite and paligorskite.

Industrial minerals: Raw materials for agricultural use. Raw materials in the manufacture of paints and paper. Materials used in the rubber industry, adhesives, sealants and plastics. Pharmaceutical materials.

Students acquire broad theoretical notions related to mineral deposits during the 54 master classes that are taught. Teaching these classes is generally supported by the use of projected images, which are previously available to students on the eGela platform. This allows them to follow the explained matter more optimally. The practices (microscope, "visu" and five-day field trip, during which mines and quarries in Spain are visited) greatly contribute to expanding the theoretical knowledge acquired. During these practices, the students have to prepare a notebook in which the descriptions of the samples/mines studied are collected, and other relevant information offered by the teachers or geologists of the mines visited during the field trip. The student's attitude must be receptive and participatory both during the lectures and during the practices.

EVALUATION METHODOLOGY:

Ordinary call

- Final exam: 100%



During the development of the evaluation tests, the use of books or notes, as well as telephone, electronic devices, computer or other devices, by the students will be prohibited. [Only calculator is allowed*]. In any case of dishonest or fraudulent practice, the provisions of the protocol on academic ethics and prevention of dishonest or fraudulent practices in assessment tests and in academic work at the UPV/EHU will be applied.



In relation to the protocol to waive continuous assessment, consult articles 8.3 and 12.2 of the assessment regulations.

EQUIPMENT FOR THE FIELD-TRIP
In addition to the work material (geologist's compass and hammer, maps, aerial photos,...) students must bring their "Individual Protection Equipment" (private property, use and maintenance). At least:
- Appropriate footwear and clothing
- Reflective vest
- Protective glasses: in sampling and to break rocks
- Safety helmet: In quarries, caves, cliffs, mines, construction sites,….

In case of NOT bringing this material, they will NOT take part in the field-trip, with the academic consequences that may arise from it.

Basic bibliography

ARNDT, N., KESLER, S., GANINO, G. (2015): Metals and Society: An Introduction to Economic Geology. 2nd ed. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg. 205 p.



BUSTILLO, M. (2018): Mineral Resources. From Exploration to Sustainability Assessment. Springer. 653 p.



BUSTILLO REVUELTA M., CALVO SORANDO, J.P. Y FUEYO CASADO, L. (2001). Rocas Industriales. Tipología, aplicaciones en la construcción y empresas del sector. 410 pp. Ed. Rocas y Minerales. Madrid



CRAIG J. R., VAUGHAN D. J., SKINNER B. J. (2012). Recursos de la Tierra y el medio ambiente. UNED. Pearson. 598 p



EDWARDS, R; ATKINSON, K. (1986) "Ore Deposit Geology". Chapman and Hall, London, New York, 466 p



EVANS, A. (1993) "Ore Geology and Industrial Minerals, an Introduction". Blackwell Scientific Publications, Geoscience Text, Oxford, 3ª Ed.



EVE (2002). Mapa de Rocas y Minerales Industriales del País Vasco. 209 pp. Ed. Ente Vasco de la Energía (EVE).



GALAN HUERTOS E. (2003). Mineralogía Aplicada. 429 pp. Ed. SÍNTESIS S.A. Madrid.



GARCÍA DEL CURA M.A.y CAÑAVERAS, J.C. (2005). Utilización de Rocas y Minerales Industriales. Seminarios de la Soc. Española de Mineralogía. V2. 303pp.



LOPEZ JIMENO C. Ed. (1994). Aridos. Manual de prospección explotación y aplicaciones. 607pp. ETSIM de Madrid. Ed. Entorno Gráfico S.L.



LOPEZ JIMENO C. Ed. (1996). Manual de Rocas Ornamentales. Prospección explotación elaboración y colocación. 696pp. ETSIM de Madrid. Ed. Entorno Gráfico S.L.



PARK & MacDIARMID (1981) Yacimientos Minerales. Omega



POHL, W.L. (2011). Economic Geology, Principles and Practice. Wiley-Blackwell, 663pp.



ROBB, L. (2021). Introduction to ore-forming proceses. "nd Edition. Blackwell Science Ltd. Oxford.



TRIO, M., ORTUÑO, M.G. (2016): Panorama Minero en España 2016. IGME, Madrid. 533 p.

In-depth bibliography

-BARNES, H. L., ed., (1997): Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits (3rd ed.): Wiley, 972 p.
-BARNES J.W. (1988). Ores and Minerals, introducing economic geology. 181pp. Ed. Open University Press. Philadelphia.
-BUSTILLO, M. y LÓPEZ, C. (1996): Recursos Minerales. Tipología, prospección, evaluación. explotación, mineralurgía, impacto ambiental. Gráficas Arias Montano S.A. Madrid. 372 p
-CARR D.D (1994). Industrial Minerals and Rocks. 6th. 1196pp. Ed. Soc. Mining Metall. Explor. Littleton Colorado.
-CARRETERO, M.I. Y POZO, M. (2007). Mineralogía Aplicada. Salud y Medio Ambiente. 406 pp. Ed. Thomson. Madrid.
-COX, D. P., and SINGER, D., eds. (1986): Mineral Deposits Models: U. S. Geol. Surv., Bull. 1693, 379 p.
-CRAIG, J. R., y VAUGHAN, D. J.(1994): Ore Microscopy and Ore Petrography, 2ª ed. John Wiley, 434 p.
-CRAIG, J. R., VAUGHAN, D. J., and SKINNER, B. J. (2001): Resources of the Earth: Origin, Use, and Environmental Impact:, 3rd edn.: Prentice Hall, 520 p.
- Elzea Kogel, J., Trivedi, N.C., Barker, J.M., Krukowski, S. T. (2006) Industrial Minerals & Rocks, 7th Edition. Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration. 1568 PP.
- EVANS, A.M. (1987): An introduction to ore geology 2ª ed, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Geoscience Text, Oxford,. 358 p.
-EVANS, A.M. (1997): An introduction to Economic Geology and its environmental impact. Blackwell Science, Oxford, 364 p.
-Gandhi SM, Sarkar BC (2016) Essentials of Mineral Exploration and Evaluation. Elsevier, 410 p.
-HUTCHINSON, C.S. (1987): Economic deposits and their tectonic setting. 3ª Ed. John Willey and Sons, New York, 365 p.
-KESLER, S.E. (1994): Mineral resources, economics and the environment. McMillan Publishing. Co. Inc. 391 p.
-Pracejus B (2015): The Ore Minerals Under the Microscope. An Optical Guide 2nd ed. Elsevier, 1118 p.

Journals

Mineralium Deposita
Economic Geology
Industrial Minerals.
Ingeopres
Ore Geology Reviews
Reviews in Economic Geology
Roc Maquina
Rocas y Minerales
Minerals