Description and contextualization of the subject

The subject `Energy Storage and Conversion Devices II¿ is part of the third semester of the Master and consists of 4.0 ECTS credits. During the second semester of the Master's course, the subject `Energy Storage and Conversion Devices I¿ is taught at the Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, where capacitors, classical batteries and fuel cells are introduced.

Energy Storage II focuses on the study of present and future energy storage technologies that are currently at different stages of development: lithium and post-lithium batteries (Li-ion, Na-ion, lithium-sulphur, metal-air, solid-state), redox flow batteries, fuel cells (solid oxide and polymer membrane) and hydrogen management (production, transport and storage). The course will also address the application of computational methods as a fundamental step in battery design. Recycling and the cost of these technologies will also be studied. The course is taught in semester 3.

This course is also related to the third semester course `Modern Techniques for the Synthesis of Energy Materials¿, which explains in detail the synthesis of materials used as electrodes for application in different storage devices, and to the course `Large Scale Facilities for In Operando Studies of Energy Materials¿, which explains the different in operando methods for the study of materials for different energy storage technologies.

Learning outcomes of the subject

Knowledge or content:

RCO4: Scientific and technical knowledge of the principles governing present and developing energy storage and conversion technologies, as well as materials and their recycling methods.



Abilities or skills:

RC3: Competence in the analysis of the social and environmental impact of scientific-technical actions and of professional decisions and proposals, assessing their functionality and relevance according to criteria of sustainability and social justice.

RC4: Competence in identifying and comparing the main present and future energy storage and conversion technologies based on electrochemical redox processes, from the point of view of their performance, cost, sustainability and recyclability.

Ordinary call: orientations and renunciation

A) CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

The final grade for the course is divided into two sections:

¿ Laboratory report: 20%



¿ Written exam: 80%

This applies to students who attend classes regularly (i.e., more than 75%) and participate in the activities.

Attendance and completion of laboratory practices are mandatory, as well as in-class activities.

Conditions/restrictions: obtaining 3 points out of 10 in all the aforementioned sections. No exceptions will be made in terms of attendance and timely submission of tasks for students participating in the continuous assessment process. The laboratory report grade will not be added if the student scores less than 4 points on the written exam.

B) NON-CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

For students who do not attend classes regularly (i.e., less than 75%) or for those who attend regularly but choose to withdraw from continuous assessment. Withdrawal from continuous assessment must be communicated to the course coordinator before the seventh week of classes.

In this case, the evaluation will be carried out through a Final Assessment, based on an exam that covers all the learning outcomes established in the course with a weighting of 100%. Students must score 3 points out of 10 in all sections of the exam in order to proceed with the summation.

Extraordinary call: orientations and renunciation

Students who do not pass the ordinary call will be evaluated through a final exam in the extraordinary call.

Conditions/restrictions for passing: Students must obtain 3 points out of 10 in all sections of the exam in order to proceed with the summation.

Temary

1- Li-ion batteries:

Reminder of the materials involved and the processes that manage the operation of Li-ion batteries. Limitations and advantages of the current generation of these batteries (performance, cost, sustainability/recycling), and challenges in the development of the next generations of Li-ion batteries.



2- Post lithium-ion Batteries

Advances and challenges in the development of post Li-ion batteries: Na-ion, Li-S, metal-air, and solid-state. Study of the materials involved and the processes that govern the operation of these batteries, their limitations, and advantages (performance, cost, sustainability/recycling).



3- Computational calculations

Introduction to quantum chemistry and computational design of energy storage materials for rechargeable batteries; density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations.



4- Redox flow Batteries

Advances and challenges in the development of redox flow batteries. Study of the processes that govern the operation of these batteries, their limitations, and advantages (performance, cost, sustainability/recycling).



5- Fuel cells and Hydrogen Management

Advances and challenges in the development of fuel cells (solid oxide and polymer membrane). Study of the materials involved and the processes that govern the operation of fuel cells, their drawbacks and advantages (performance, cost, sustainability/recycling). Study of hydrogen production, transportation, and storage technologies, their disadvantages and advantages (performance, cost, sustainability/recycling).

Bibliography

Compulsory materials

Students must use the collections of questions and problems that the professors will publish at the beginning of the course, and for each topic, on the e-Gela platform. Students will have access to the course syllabus and practice scripts in electronic format on the e-Gela platform to assist understanding of the topics and facilitate efficient class follow-up.

Basic bibliography

X. Moya and D. Muñoz-Rojas, Materials for Sustainable Energy Applications - Conversion, Storage, Transmission, and Consumption, Jenny Stanford Publishing (2016).

In-depth bibliography

J.M. Tarascon, P. Barboux and R. Palacin. 2007. New Chemistries: Beyond Li-Ion, latest Edition, Wiley.



V. Neburchilov and J. Zhang. 2016. Metal¿Air and Metal¿Sulfur Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications, CRC Press.



H.A. Kiehne, editor, Battery Technology Handbook, 2nd edition, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2003.



Z. Bahman, Hydrogen Energy. Challenges and Solutions for a Cleaner Future, Springer (2019)

Journals

Multivalent rechargeable batteries, A. Ponrouch, J. Biten, R. Dominko, N. Lindahl, P. Johansson and R. Palacin, Energy Storage Materials (2019). In press, open access (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2019.04.012 )



Towards K¿Ion and Na¿Ion Batteries as ¿Beyond Li¿Ion¿, K. Kubota, M. Dahbi, T. Hosaka, S. Kumakura, S. Komaba, The Chemical Report 18, 459 (2018) (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.201700057 )



E. Goikolea, R. Mysyk, Chapter 4 ¿Nanotechnology in Electrochemical Capacitors¿, in Emerging Nanotechnologies in Rechargeable Energy Storage System, Editors: Lide M Rodriguez-Martinez, Noshin Omar, Elsevier, 2017, p.131-169.



N. J. Dudney and B. J. Neudecker, ¿Solid State Thin-Film Lithium Battery Systems,¿ Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci., 4(5) (1999), pp. 479¿482.



Fueling the future: A comprehensive review of hydrogen energy systems and their challenges, Thanh Tuan Le, Prabhakar Sharma, Bhaskor Jyoti Bora, Viet Dung Tran, Thanh Hai Truong, Huu Cuong Le, Phuoc Quy Phong Nguyen, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 54, 791 (2024) (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.08.044)



Recent development of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies: A review, Lixin Fan, Zhengkai Tu, Siew Hwa Chan, Energy Reports 7, 8421 (2021) (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.003)