Outcomes in which the student shall be competent at the end of the course include:



1. Knowing and explaining morphologically the origin and changes occurring in the prenatal body, its regions, its internal systems and organs; all of it in both sexes and intersexual states.



2. Knowing of the developmental stages in which the changes above-said in Point 1 are grouped.



3. Identifying and describing waht is said above in Points 1-2 but on images obtained by technological means (imaging techniques).



4. Usage of proper embryological/anatomical terminology for oral and written communication.



6. Knowing of the current trends of research on prenatal development and the need for continuous professional training.



6. Usage of habits of searching for and selecting scientific information.



5. Working cooperatively in group.



6. Showing emotional skills related to the future exercise of the medical profession, such as compassion, detached empathy, professionalism.

Content of the Human Anatomy I Course is the morphological study of the of human embryology and organogenesis. It shall be taught as per the following order:



DIVISION I: Introduction to anatomy and embryology. General matters.



DIVISION II: HUMAN EMBRYOLOGY AND ORGANOGENESIS.



SUBDIVISION II.I: GENERAL EMBRYOLOGY. Pre-embryo or conceptus (from fertilization to implantation: first two weeks of prenatal development). Embryonic period (primitive streak, gastrulation, germ layers, neurulation, body folding, formation of primordia of organs and systems: 3th-8th weeks of prenatal development). Foetal period (general, gross maturation of organs and systems, changes in body shape and length, umbilical cord, amnion, liquor amni: weeks 9th-38th). Structure and development of the placenta and foetal membranes. Placental (maternal and fetoplacental) circulation. Morphology of the placental barrier.



SUBDIVISION II.II: SPECIAL EMBRYOLOGY. ORGANOGENESIS AND DETAILED PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF BODY SYSTEMS (cardiovascular system, respiratory system, alimentary system, urinary system, genital system, sensory organs, peripheral nervous system and central nervous system together with the meninges). Foetus a terminus.



Full Course content shall be worked in 27 lectures, 32 lab practices and 6 seminars, each of them lasting 1 hour (aprox. 50 min). Notice that lab practices shall be grouped in sessions of two hours; so shall be the seminars. Thus, in the course shall be 27 one-hour sessions for lectures, 16 two-hour sessions for lab practices and 3 two-hour sessions for seminars. Specific contents of lectures, seminar sessions and lab practices shall run in paralell to each other along the course.

Teaching/learning and assessing methods used in the Human Anatomy II Course are:



1. Lectures, which shall be imparted by the teacher with the purpose of:

(a) supplying a core of knowledge to the Course content,

(b) discussing with the students the outcome of the student's study in the suggested book and other sources of information,

(c) guiding student's further study.



2. Seminars. The seminars shall consist of oral presentations on Human Anatomy I topics as prepared and taught by working-groups of students. Seminar topics shall be suggested by the teacher (see the Syllabus of Human Anatomy I, which is to be delivered by the teacher to the students at the beginning of the Course). The ensuing discussion among classmates under the teacher's supervision shall complete each Seminar session. A written summary of no more than 300 words on the content of each oral presentation shall be delivered to the teacher by the relevant student working-group. The teacher shall provide in turn a formative feed-back to the students about both oral presentations and written abstracts, and both about content as form.



3. Laboratory (practice sessions). The lab practice sessions shall be performed by groups of students with the teacher's guideline. The lab activities are not only to complete gaining of anatomical knowledge but also to supply the student with communicative, technical and professional skills (both for individuals and working-groups). In the lab it is used: models in 2-D and 3-D of pregnant human females, pre-embryos, embryos, foetuses and their parts, placentas; imaging materials of embryos and foetuses in gravid uteri.



4. Steady attendance to the Course doings. Continuous attendance to the activities said above in Points 1-3 is considered necessary for achieving outcomes and competences of the Course. As such, attendance is mandatory.



5. Student's work (individual and group). By reading information resources suggested by the teacher to cover different aspects of Anatomy I that be impossible to meet by other means.



6. Personal notepads. Each student shall keep a record of its Course work, in particular of lab conclusions, in a personal notepad.



7. Continual formative assessment. To facilitate and accelerate student's learning, the teacher shall assess the knowledge and skills worked in the above-said Points 1-6 of this 'Metodología' Section. Then, the teacher shall provide a training feed-back to the student. In this way the student become aware of its learning, as well as of ways to improve it. More detail on the continual formative assessment is to be found in the Human Anatomy II Syllabus. Suffice is to say here that it is done through successive examinations, each of them including:

(a) A Multiple Choice Question test (MCQ).

(b) An oral and written test on questions on lab materials.

(c) An assessment of seminars.

(d) An assessment of personal notepads.

(f) An assessment of the continual attendance of each student to all course activities.



8. Tutorials. Appointed hours at which a student or groups of students may have the lecturer's guide on Subject-related matters.

The Human Anatomy I grade at the Ordinary Call shall result from the addition of the results of:

1. The so called Closing Exam. This accounts up to 70% of the grade; of which,

(a) a multiple choice test (MCQ test) shall account up to 35%,

(b) a lab exam (written, oral) shall account up to the remaining 35%.

2. The mark achieved at the Seminar assessments along the Course. It accounts up to 15% of the grade.

3. The mark achieved at the Continual Formative Assessment along the Course. It accounts up to 15% of the grade.



Students not being able to follow the Continual Formative Assessment and Seminar assessments along the Course should document the cause of it to the Dean at least one month before the Ordinary Call time. These students should demonstrate achievement of the learning outcomes and competences of the Course by passing only the Closing Exam but with the following scores:

1. An MCQ test, which shall made up to 50% of the Course grade.

2. A lab exam, which shall made up to the remaining 50% of the Course grade.



To decline sitting at the Ordinary Call assessment shall suffice not go for it.

To attend the lab, each student must carry a long white lab coat, a kit of dissecting instruments, a pair of rubber gloves appropriate for science lab and a lab notebook.

Basic bibliography

Essential Literature References



Texbook and Atlas



Human Embryology (5th Edition), Williams J. Larsen. Elsevier (2014). With Student Consult.

http://store.elsevier.com/Larsens-Human-Embryology/Gary-Schoenwolf/isbn-9781455706846/



Reconstrucciones Humanas por planos de disección (de J. Escolar), José Ma. Smith Agreda. Panamericana.

http://medicablogs.diariomedico.com/josemateos/2009/09/20/nuevo-belorcio-reconstrucciones-humanas-por-planos-de-diseccion/

In-depth bibliography

Other Textbooks and Atlases

Terminologia Embryologica: International Embryology Terminology, Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FICAT). Thieme Verlag (2013).(Bilingual: Latin and English.)
Print edition available at: https://www.amazon.es/Terminologia-Embryologica-International-Embryological-Terminology/dp/3131701412
Internet free site: https://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/ViewSource.html

Terminología Anatómica (Terminologia Anatomica Internacional), FCAT, IFAA, SAE Committees. Editorial Médica Panamericana, 2001. (Trilingual: Latin, English and Spanish.)
Print edition available at: https://www.amazon.es/Terminologia-Anatomica-International-Anatomical-Terminology/dp/3131143614
Internet free site (Latin and English): https://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/ViewSource.html

Terminologia Histologica: International Terms for Human Cytology and Histology, Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FICAT). Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2008). (Bilingual: Latin and English.)
Print edition available at: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Terminologia-Histologica-International-Cytology-Histology/dp/0781766109
Internet free site: https://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/ViewSource.html

Langman's Medical Embryology (10th Edition, North American Edition; 9th Edition), Thomas W Sadler. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2015).

The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology (9th Edition), Keith L. Moore and T. V. N. Persaud. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2012). With Student Consult.
https://www.amazon.es/Developing-Human-Clinically-Oriented-Embryology/dp/1437720021

Journals

Specific Research Journals on Embryology

Anatomy and Embryology,
http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00429/index.htm

Early Human Development,
http://www.elsevier.com/locate/earlhumdev