A robust, two-ion quantum logic gate that operates in a microsecond is designed

This theoretical research explores what could be achieved beyond current technological limitations to further motivate experimental progress. Together with qubits (the quantum version of the 0/1 bit), logic gates are the basic components to construct, as in a building block game, a quantum computer. They need to be fast not only to speed up the calculations but also to minimize harmful interactions with environmental noise.

In the eighties  Richard Feynman proposed a "quantum computer" that would outperform ordinary ones by exploiting quantum properties, such as the possibility to explore several paths in parallel. Over thirty years later it is still difficult to make this dream come true because the useful quantum behaviour of atoms is easily destroyed by noise and unwanted  interactions. Yet progress has been made along  several routes or "architectures" that endeavour to control various physical systems so that they behave correctly. One of the most advanced architectures uses trapped ions, which can be isolated and handled with great precision using lasers and electrodes to produce qubits and quantum gates. Two-qubit gates, such as the one examined in the study, may be useful for other applications of quantum technology, such as secure communications. This makes them  particularly valuable gates but designing and manufacturing them is challenging. Reaching   high accuracy and speed is crucial to  eventually perform arbitrary computations in a fault-tolerant way.

According to Gonzalo Muga, this work "is another step forward among the many that have yet to be taken" towards attaining a quantum computer,  "capable of making calculations  that cannot be tackled by a traditional computer".