COMPETENCES

The competences of Module M03 or "Sistemas de Telecomunicación" Module that should be acquired by students are the following ones:

-S03 Ability to analyze components and their specifications for guided and unguided communication systems.

-S04 Ability for the selection of circuits, subsystems and systems of radiofrequency, microwaves, radio broadcasting, radio links and radio determination.

-S05 Ability for the selection of antennas, equipment and transmission systems, propagation of guided and unguided waves, by electromagnetic, radiofrequency or optical means and the corresponding management of the radioelectric space and allocation of frequencies.



Moreover, the general competences of the degree that are developed in the subject are the following ones:

-G003 (Specific): Knowledge of basic subjects and technologies that enables students to learn new methods and technologies, as well as giving them great versatility to adapt to new situations.

-G004 (Transversal): Ability to solve problems with initiative, decision making, creativity, and to communicate and transmit knowledge, abilities and skills, understanding the ethical and professional responsibility of the activity of Technical Telecommunications Engineering.







LEARNING RESULTS

Each student should acquire the following learning results in the subject:

-LR01: Identifies the fundamental parameters that define the properties of antennas in general and of each of the families of radiating systems, in particular, both for their analysis and for their design as elements of radioelectric systems.

-LR02: Selects the appropriate type or types of antenna, based on their specifications, to meet the requirements of the different communication systems in which their use is required.

-LR03: Certifies the performance and operation of radiant systems using simulation software and measurement instruments; correctly processes and analyzes the data obtained.

-LR04: Knows and applies the concepts related to radioelectric propagation mechanisms as well as deterministic and empirical prediction algorithms, in different deployment environments of radiocommunication systems, both outdoor and indoor, to evaluate the availability of associated services, in their phase of planning.

-LR05: Expresses fluently, both in writing and orally with visual support, both individually and as part of teamwork, the procedures, results and conclusions derived from the learning outcomes described above.

ANTENNAS and PROPAGATION program

Lesson 1

-Frequency bands and antenna types.

-Antenna parameters: input impedance, efficiency, radiation pattern, polarization.



Lesson 2

-Fundamentals of electromagnetic radiation. Radiation regions.

-Wire antennas: dipoles, monopoles, loop antennas, yagi antenna, log-periodic antenna.

-Antenna arrays.



Lesson 3

-Helical antennas.

-Aperture antennas.

-Slot antennas.

-Horns.

-Reflectors.



Lesson 4.

-Outdoor propagation: propagation phenomena, modes of propagation, environments, prediction methods and classification.

-Analytical propagation models: one-ray model and Friis formula, two-ray model.

-Deterministic propagation models: diffraction; attenuation by gases, hydrometeors and clutter.

-Deterministic prediction methods: Ray tracing, Ikegami and ITU-R.



Lesson 5.

-Empiric propagation models: log-distance, specific environment models.

-Indoor propagation: ITU-R, COST 231, picocells.







PRACTICAL LABORATORY WORK

1) Antenna characterization procedures. Measurements: radiation pattern, directivity, S21, S11 and impedance.



2) Several antenna types analysis and synthesis. Design and simulation.



3) Implementation of a propagation model and verification by means of comparison with measurements.

The lecturing hours of master classes will be devoted to explaining the theoretical background of each lesson, using slides and the blackboard for this purpose.

In the classroom-practice hours, problem-solving activities will be carried out, sometimes solely on the blackboard, sometimes with the aid of antenna-design software packages. All this will lay the groundwork of the concepts to be applied in the laboratory.

Laboratory projects will be carried out in two or three-people groups, and each group will have to deliver the required documentation regarding the results of the work. They will also have to do a presentation of them in order to be evaluated.



In the event that sanitary conditions prevent the realization of a face-to-face teaching activity and / or evaluation, a non-face-to-face modality will be set in place of which the students will be informed promptly.

The total score of the subject is divided into two sections:

- 60 % of the total score: assessment of the written exam.

- 40 % of the total score: assessment of the practical laboratory work. This evaluation process includes both the evaluation of individual and group work.



Electronic devices such as calculators, smartphones, smartwatches, etc cannot be used in order to answer quizzes. For the rest of the exam only calculators are allowed.



To pass the subject it is required:

- To get a score equal to or greater than 5 points out of 10 on the written exam

and

- to get a score equal to or greater than 5 points out of 10 on the practical laboratory work.



Should this requirement not be fulfilled, the final total grade will be the grade obtained in the failed part.



Assessment of the written exam:

- Only final assessment.

* Written exam in the official examination hour: set of problems and/or questions.



Assessment of the practical laboratory work:

- Continuous assessment:

* There will be oral presentations by the working groups of the laboratory about the work carried out in the projects. Each project will be given a 0-to-10 grade, and each grade will determine a third of the final grade of the laboratory part.

After each presentation, there will be a question time in which all the other groups than the one that has made the presentation will have to pose at least one question per group. Otherwise, all the members of the defaulting group will be penalized with a negative point over 10 in the grade of that particular project. One negative point per each due question. The question time will conclude with the questions and comments of the professor regarding both the technical contents and the formal aspects of the presentation. The conclusions from these questions and comments will be the basis of the grade of this project. A previously published rubric, made available to the students prior to the evaluation, will be used for this evaluation. Furthermore, after the evaluation of each project is completed, the following will be delivered to each concerned person: the scores of the evaluation of the practice, carried out according to the rubric, both individual and group based, with the corresponding justifications, and a set of general observations and improvements for all students in the class.





* Students have the right to resign to the continuous assessment in accordance with the procedure and established deadlines in Article 8.3 of Student Assessment Regulations of the UPV/EHU. Then they would be assessed following the final assessment procedure: they must report a written statement for such a claim, with a deadline of 9 weeks, starting from the beginning of the four-month period.

- Additional final assessment:

* Test exam about the laboratory projects after the first written exam (in the official examination date).

* Individual.





Declining to sit: not attending the final exam call will be considered equivalent to a withdrawal (no examination attempt is used) and a grade of NS.





In the event that sanitary conditions prevent the realization of a face-to-face teaching activity and / or evaluation, a non-face-to-face modality will be set in place of which the students will be informed promptly.

All the material is available on the eGela online teaching platform:
- PowerPoint slides for the lectures.
- Exercises to be worked on during the classroom practices.
- Guide notes of the practical laboratory work.

Deliverables will be made accessible through the online platform.

Basic bibliography

C. A. Balanis, "Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design," John Wiley & Sons, 2016



C. A. Balanis, "Modern Antenna Handbook," John Wiley & Sons, 2008



W. L. Thiele y G. A. Stutzman, "Antenna Theory and Design," John Wiley & Sons, 2013



J. D. Kraus, "Antennas for all applications," McGraw-Hill, 2003.



All of them are available in the faculty Library.

In-depth bibliography

R. E. Collin, "Antennas and Radiowave Propagation," McGraw-Hill, 1985.
S. J. Orfanidis, "Electromagnetic Waves and Antennas," http://www.ece.rutgers.edu/~orfanidi/ewa/
J. Bolton, "An introduction to Maxwell's Equations," Open University, 2006.
J. Bolton, "Electromagnetic Fields," Open University, 2006.
J. Bolton, "Electromagnetic Waves," Open University, 2006.
D. M. Pozar, "Microwave Engineering," Addison Wesley, 2002.

Journals

IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation.
IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.
IEEE Antennas & Propagation Magazine.
Microwaves and RF.