This subject introduces the technological basics of the hardware used in computers. The physics under current technology used in computers construction is presented, and the magnitudes that control it are defined, emphasizing the basic concepts and presenting a qualitative description of them, concentrating on the concepts, rather than on the mathematical formalism.

Thus, we will study the basic concepts of electricity, the fundamental electrical units, the basic concepts of electronics, semiconductor materials, their characteristics and the most common semiconductor devices, to be able to analyze electrical and electronic circuits, for which we will present the ideal models of some components and their parameters. We will also study the operation and applications of widely used basic circuits, both analog and digital. We will also see the basic concepts of magnetism and photonics, and their application in computing devices.

But to obtain this knowledge we do not start from zero. Most of the students, in their pre-university studies, have worked on topics related to Physics and have some knowledge of electricity, even if it is basic. On the other hand, the mathematical knowledge necessary for this subject has already been developed in pre-university studies.

Along with this subject, the subject of Principles of Design of Digital Systems is studied. It is important to highlight the relationship between both subjects, for example, in Principles of Design of Digital Systems logic gates appear and these, are nothing more than electronic circuits.

In the same way, the topics covered in this subject will be useful to face subjects of later courses, such as:



• Design and Construction of Digital Systems.

• Design of Embedded Systems.

• Electronics applied to data processing.

• Robotics, Sensors and Actuators.



In summary, it is about assimilating the basic knowledge necessary to be able to successfully tackle the different subjects of the area of Computer Architecture and Technology, facilitating their subsequent understanding.

Understand the concepts underlying electrical and electronic devices and components, to be able to carry out the analysis of electrical and electronic circuits, in particular of direct current circuits, mainly in steady state, although the transitory regime and the basic concepts of the alternating current circuits are also studied.

Understand the fundamentals of electromagnetism and photonics, and their application in the field of computing.

1. Electrostatics: electrical charge; Coulomb law; electric field; electrostatic potential energy; electrostatic potential.

2. Electrokinetics: electric current; Intensity and current density; potential difference; electric power.

3. Introduction to circuits: circuit definition; classification of circuits according to typology: analog / digital, concentrated / distributed, direct current or alternating current circuits; circuit operating regime: permanent regime / transitory regime.

4. Typical components of electrical circuits: resistors; capacitors; coils; independent and dependent voltage and current generators; switches.

5. Fundamental laws of circuits and their applications: Kirchhoff's Laws; serial and parallel associations of elements; voltage and current dividers; principles of operation of electric meters, voltmeter and ammeter.

6. Circuit analysis methods: mesh current method; principle of superposition; Thévenin's and Norton's theorems; maximum power transfer theorem.

7. Transitional regime: RC circuit; loading and unloading processes; circuit time constant; maximum switching frequency.

8. Introduction to solid state electronics: energy band theory; semiconductor materials; intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors; the PN junction; physical characteristics of semiconductor devices: the diode, the bipolar transistor and the field effect transistors (JFET and MOS).

9. Study and application of semiconductor diodes: types of diodes: rectifier, LED, Zener; linear approximations; resolution of circuits with diodes; study of the rectifier based on diodes.

10. Study and application of bipolar and field effect transistors: linear approximations; solving circuits with transistors; Investor study.

11. Introduction to the analysis of digital circuits with semiconductor components: integrated circuits; levels of integration; logical families.

12. Introduction to alternating current circuits: sinusoidal alternating current; calculation of mean and effective values; impedance concept.

13. Magnetism: magnetic field; magnetic materials; ferromagnetism; Applications.

14. Electromagnetic waves: Maxwell's equations; flat waves; antennas; the electromagnetic spectrum.

15. Photonics: optical applications in computer systems.

Active cooperative learning methodologies will be used, both in face-to-face and non-face-to-face sessions. The active participation of students and group work is essential to achieve the skills. All activities will be reflected in the evaluation.

It is proposed to carry out 4 different tasks, all of them based on cooperative learning; Project-based learning and problem-based learning methodologies will be used. Specifically, it is proposed to carry out 2 problems and 2 projects.

• Continuous Assessment System
• Final Assessment System
• Tools and qualification percentages:
  • Written test to be taken (%): 50
  • Multiple-Choice Test (%): 7
  • Realization of Practical Work (exercises, cases or problems) (%): 6
  • Team projects (problem solving, project design)) (%): 37

For the first call, each student will be able to choose between two options: traditional evaluation by taking a final exam in January, or continuous evaluation during the course. In principle, the preferred evaluation method is continuous evaluation. To continue in continuous evaluation, it is essential to obtain a grade greater than 4 out of 10 in each section evaluated, the student who, fulfilling the conditions to continue in the continuous evaluation system, decides to opt for the global evaluation, must inform the teacher responsible for the subject by email within 9 weeks before the date of the final evaluation. The student who does not meet the requirements to remain in continuous evaluation will automatically go to final evaluation.



Continuous evaluation: The individual and group work carried out by the students will be taken into account.



The subject will be evaluated taking into account the completion of two problems A1, A2 and two projects P1 and P2 respectively.



The weight of each of the activities to be carried out is as follows:



Task: Technical inf Questionnaire exercises Controls Total score



Problem A1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 (% 8)

Problem A2 0.7 0.1 0.2 1 2 (% 20)

Project P1 1.7 0.2 0.2 1.9 4 (% 40)

Project P2 1 0.2 0.2 1.8 3.2 (% 32)



Total 3.7 0.6 0.7 5 10 (% 100)



Traditional evaluation, a final exam, lasting 3 hours, which will collect all the aspects worked on in the subject. Its value will be 100% of the grade for the course.

To renounce the call, it will be enough to abandon the continuous evaluation before its completion and not attend the final exam.

The extraordinary call will consist of a global exam lasting 3 hours, which will collect all the aspects worked on in the subject. Its value will be 100% of the course.

ARBELAITZ, RUIZ, 2001. Zirkuitu elektriko eta elektronikoen oinarrizko analista. (UEU)
liburua formatu elektronikoan (pdf): http://www.buruxkak.org/liburuak/135/zirkuitu_elektriko_eta_elektronikoen_oinarrizko_analisia.html

RUIZ, ARBELAITZ, ETXEBERRIA, IBARRA, 2004. Análisis básico de circuitos eléctricos y electrónicos. (Pearson. Prentice Hall)

Basic bibliography

ARBELAITZ, RUIZ, 2001. Zirkuitu elektriko eta elektronikoen oinarrizko analista. (UEU)

liburua formatu elektronikoan (pdf): http://www.buruxkak.org/liburuak/135/zirkuitu_elektriko_eta_elektronikoen_oinarrizko_analisia.html



RUIZ, ARBELAITZ, ETXEBERRIA, IBARRA, 2004. Análisis básico de circuitos eléctricos y electrónicos. (Pearson. Prentice Hall)



IRWIN J. D., 2003. Análisis básico de circuitos en ingeniería. (Limusa Wiley)



MALVINO A. P., BATES D. J., 2006. Principios de electrónica. (McGraw-Hill)



SEDRA A.S., SMITH K.C., 2006. Circuitos Microelectrónicos. (McGraw-Hill)



GÓMEZ VILDA, P. et alter. , 2007. Fundamentos físicos y tecnológicos de la informática. (Pearson Educación)



MONTOTO L., 2005. Fundamentos físicos de la informática y las comunicaciones. (Thomson)



CRIADO A. et alter., 1999. Introducción a los fundamentos físicos de la informática. (Paraninfo)

In-depth bibliography

SCOTT D.E., 1988. Introducción al análisis de circuitos: un enfoque sistémico. (McGraw-Hill)

NILSSON J.W., RIEDEL S.A., 2005. Circuitos eléctricos. (Pearson. Prentice Hall)

GROB B., 1997. Basic electronics. (McGraw-Hill)

SCHILLING D.L., BELOVE C., 1993. Circuitos electrónicos discretos e integrados. (McGraw-Hill)

CUESTA L.M., et alter., 1993. Electrónica Analógica: análisis de circuitos, amplificación, sistemas de alimentación. (McGraw-Hill)

KEMMERLY J.E., et alter., 2007. Análisis de circuitos en ingeniería. (McGraw-Hill)

TIPLER P.A., MOSCA G., 2005. Física para la ciencia y la tecnología. (Reverté)

YOUNG H.D., FREEDMAN R.A., 2009. Física universitaria con física moderna, 2. alea. (Pearson - Addison-Wesley)

GIANCOLI D.C., 2009. Física para ciencias e ingeniería con física moderna, 2. alea. (Pearson - Prentic Hall)

Journals

Web addresses

All about circuits: http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/

Electronic teaching assistant: http://people.clarkson.edu/~svoboda/eta/

ActivPhysics: http://media.pearsoncmg.com/aw/aw_activphysics/apo/part4.htm

http://wps.prenhall.com/esm_giancoli_physicsppa_6/16/4350/1113739.cw/index.html

Building a transistor: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/transistor/

Electricity and magnetism tutorials: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/index.html

Magnet lab: http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorials/index.html

http://home.messiah.edu/~barrett/PHY_IND.HTM

http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics

http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science

http://hypertextbook.com/physics/electricity/

http://www.physics4kids.com/files/elec_intro.html

http://www.saburchill.com/physics/chap02.html